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Arthritis
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Immune cell self-destruction
Gene regulates immune cells' ability to harm the body
July 16,
2009 -- A recently identified gene allows immune cells to start the self-destructive processes thought to underlie autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and rheumatoid arthritis, researchers at the School of Medicine have found.
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Treating bone and muscle disorders
Grant creates new Center for Musculoskeletal Biology and Medicine
June 9,
2009 -- A five-year, $3 million grant from the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), will allow investigators from more than 50 School of Medicine laboratories to join forces in the fight against musculoskeletal disorders. The grant funds a Core Center for Musculoskeletal Biology and Medicine. Its goal is to better understand causes and potential treatments for muscle and bone disorders.
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Immune system's soldiers get better with experience
Major immune system branch has hidden ability to learn
Jan. 26,
2009 -- Half of the immune system has a hidden talent, researchers at the School of Medicine have discovered. They found the innate immune system, long recognized as a specialist in rapidly and aggressively combating invaders, has cells that can learn from experience and fight better when called into battle a second time. Scientists previously thought any such ability was limited to the immune system's other major branch, the adaptive immune system.
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Aspirin, the mighty drug
Versatility and low cost keep aspirin popular among consumers
July 23,
2007 -- With today's rapid rate of medical advancement, it's hard to imagine that an over-the-counter drug introduced in the 1800s could still be widely popular and effective. But due to its low cost and versatility, millions of Americans still keep a bottle of aspirin in their medicine cabinets.
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Appointment announced
Yokoyama named director of Medical Scientist Training Program
July 3,
2007 --
Wayne M. Yokoyama, M.D., is the new director of the Medical Scientist Training Program (MSTP) at the School of Medicine. The appointment went into effect July 1. Students in the program graduate with combined medical and doctoral degrees. The MSTP at Washington University is the largest M.D.-Ph.D. program in the nation with 183 students.
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Prestigious honor
Three faculty members elected to National Academy of Sciences
May 3,
2007 -- Three Washington University scientists are among the 72 members and 18 foreign associates elected to the National Academy of Sciences. Election to the academy is considered one of the highest honors that can be accorded a U.S. scientist or engineer.
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Helping hips
New techniques make hip surgery a better option
Jan. 22,
2007 -- The first time Danielle Giessman's leg started to hurt, the solution was simple. She stopped kickboxing. But while searching for the source of the pain, she learned that both of her hip sockets were deformed, a condition called dysplasia. Once, doctors would have had few options, but advances in hip surgery and a greater understanding of how the hip joint works are helping patients such as Giessman get back to a pain-free lifestyle.
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Shouldering the burden
Cigarette smoking impedes tendon-to-bone healing
Oct. 9,
2006 --
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| Copyright The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. Used with permission. |
| Increased cell proliferation in the saline solution group (B) compared to the nicotine group (A) |
Orthopaedic surgery researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have identified yet another reason not to smoke. Studying rotator cuff injury in rats, the research team found exposure to nicotine delays tendon-to-bone healing, suggesting this could cause failure of rotator cuff repair following surgery in human patients. This study, the first to evaluate the effects of nicotine on rotator cuff repair, found that inflammation persisted longer in the shoulder joints of rats exposed to nicotine. The researchers also noted less cellular proliferation and decreased collagen production, indications of poor healing. More...
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Why bones weaken
Medical steroid's baffling connection to osteoporosis becomes clearer
July 27,
2006 --
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| Dark areas (marked with arrows) in the first image show a process of bone renewal and strengthening. The second image shows a reduction in this process after a cortisone injection. |
Scientists are closing in on the solution to a persistent medical puzzle: why do high doses of cortisone, widely prescribed for asthma, rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, weaken bones? Researchers at the School of Medicine have identified osteoclasts, cells that dismantle old bone, as the essential link between osteoporosis and cortisone.
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It?s all in the elbow
Range of motion limited in professional baseball pitchers
Nov. 3,
2005 --
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| Pitchers often lose range of motion in their pitching elbows. |
Now that the Chicago White Sox have swept the Houston Astros in the World Series, most baseball players are taking some time to rest. Time off is especially important for pitchers because throwing a baseball overhand is both an unnatural motion and a burden on the shoulder and elbow. Now a research team led by Washington University sports medicine specialists has found that professional pitchers have significantly decreased range of motion in their throwing elbows. But that limited range of motion doesn't seem to be influenced by the age of the pitcher, how many innings he has pitched or whether he has a history of injuries.
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